Download all world flags pdf

Download all world flags pdf

Flags of the world,Flags from around the world in colour in PDF

To download the flags of the word click on this link Flags of the world in PDF 1 of Flags around the world with full colours in PDF download for free from Easy Pace learning Flags of 14/07/ · Flags around the world with full colours in PDF download for free 1. AFGHANISTAN 2. ALBANIA 3. ALGERIA 4. ANDORRA 5. ANGOLA 6. ANTIGUA & Download vector files of all national flags for free. Vector files are designed so as to be enlarged in any format without loss of quality. All world flags vector files can also be reduced with a Download images of all national flags for free. Get your world flags in a JPG or PNG file. Click on a country flag and save the files for free List of countries and their flags from around the world to download for free in PDF M Mercy Aiken followers More information Some of the flags from around the world please ... read more

Earlier in this chapter we have seen that flags were invented essentially for the purpose of indicating by visual means the A flag then is a signal, and if identity of those who bear them. properly designed will not only be distinguishable at a distance but also carry the message intended. Generally speaking, most countries have rules and regulations governing, to a greater or less degree, the construction and display of flags which must be complied with. In regard to the proportion of the field of the flag, mention has already been made of the early banner with its square field page The longer-than-square proportions, five by four, and four 8. by three, of the banner-flag had already made an appearance by In due course the , when the first Union Flag was adopted. field was extended to three by two, and by the middle of the 19th century had reached five by three. To-day, the laSt mentioned is recommended by the College of Arms as being suitable for flags flown on land.

Ensigns worn at sea under the direction of the Admiralty have, since circa , been of the relative proportions these provide a reasonably smooth flat floating of two by one surface in a moderate wind, identifiable at a great distance with the They are frequently referred to as " Admiralty " aid of binoculars. Flag-designing X X 18 X 20 X 24 X 15 12 l6 12 12 12 12 really a branch of heraldry and should be in laws both in the forms and colours introduced. The serious student of flags cannot do better than consult such works as the following Boutell's Heraldry, by C. Scott-Giles, accordance with is its : O. and J. Brooke-Little, F. The Heraldry Society, whose address is 59 Gordon Square, London, W. Yellow in blazonry is the equivalent of gold, and white of silver, and it is one of the requirements of heraldry that colour should not be placed upon colour nor metal upon metal; but it is not everyone who knows heraldry, as is evident from the national flags of the South American republics and other states that should have known better.

Even the Popes with their white and yellow, that is silver and gold, have displayed their ignorance of heraldry for over a thousand years and imposed it on the kingdom of Jerusalem, or was this a deliberate attempt on their part to demonstrate that they recognized no such law? In regulation flags the assemblage of colours is held to be sufficient, and anything of the nature of an inscription is rare, indeed,' this is as it should be, for the use of lettering would be a negation of the purpose for which heraldry was invented. Howon the flags of insurgents and malcontents the inscription ever, — — FLAGS OF THE WORLD 2o The flags displayed in Scotland by the Covenanters, during their Struggle for liberty during the 17th One of them, the famous century, often bore mottoes or texts. Bloody Banner, was carried at the battle of Bothwell Bridge in The first line of the inscription, It was made of blue silk. often counts for much.

which appeared in gold lettering, was in Hebrew "Jehovah " The Lord is my banner. The red flag is the symbol of mutiny and of revolution. As a sign of disaffection it was twice displayed in the Royal Navy. A mutiny broke out at Portsmouth in April, 1 , for an advance of pay an Aft of Parliament was passed to sanftion the increase, and all who were concerned in the mutiny received the royal pardon, but in June of the same year, at the Nore, the spirit of disaffeftion broke out afresh, and the ringleaders were executed. It is noteworthy that, aggrieved as these seamen were against the authorities, when the King's Birthday came round, on June 4th, though the mutiny was then at its height, the red flags were lowered, the vessels gaily dressed in the regulation bunting, and a royal salute was fired. The seamen, having thus demonstrated their loyalty, re-hoisted the red flags, and the dispute with the Admiralty was resumed in all its bitterness.

A curious relic of these mutiny days is the flag hoisted by the crew of H. Niger when they opposed It was presented by the crew these Sheerness mutineers of to their captain and can be seen in the United Services Institution, — ; being a blue flag with the crown, evidently made aboard ship, the motto, in large letters, being " Success, to a good cause. It few years of the 13th display of this streamer indicated " death without ships off the coast of Brittany during the last century. The quarter and mortal war in all parts where mariners are to be found. Pirate flags probably date from about the year ; they were usually displayed to indicate that good quarter was offered. If this was not accepted, some pirates replaced the flag with a plain red one in order to show that the offer had been withdrawn. The term " Jolly Roger " appears to have embraced pirate flags in general, whatever the design although there are other descriptions such as the " Black Flag," the " Roger," and " Old Roger " to be found in various works on Piracy, e.

Jolly Roger, by Patrick Pringle Museum Press, London, The charges are usually white in colour, although there are instances where red or yellow have been used one pirate, at least, preferred a yellow flag with black charges. Incidentally, since , the Orient Steam Naviga; ; tion Company a ship field is has used an port signal flag to indicate that undergoing the process of fumigation. It has a yellow unofficial with black border and is charged with the skull and cross- bones, also in black. However, when mention is made of the Jolly Roger these days charged with two bones in saltire we surmounted by a human skull, in white. This has long been accepted as the symbol of Death indeed, those who have travelled towards the East, and others, are aware that this is a very ancient device, the origin of which, to use the favourite expression of antiquaries, is " shrouded in the mists of antiquity.

would hoist it, bearing additional small white charges such as bars, As an unofficial stars, etc. The white flag is the symbol of amity and of goodwill ; of truce amidst strife, and of surrender when the cause is lost. Quarantine The green flag is signal nags are yellow or yellow and black. hoisted over a wreck the red cross with the arms of equal length, half as wide as they are long, stopping short of the edges of the usually visualize a black flag, ; ; FLAGS OF THE WORLD 22 field, is the hospital and ambulance flag that flies over the and wounded in war. The first legal and international obligation on record to carry colours at sea appears to have been agreed upon at the Convention of Bruges when Edward I and Guy, Count of Flanders, undertook that their respective subjects should " for the future carry in their white sick ensigns or flags the arms of their own ports certifying their be- longing to the said ports," but the Cinque Ports had carried colours for many years before, and a sort of code of flag etiquette was already in existence.

Honour and respect are expressed by " dipping " the flag. At any parade of troops before the Sovereign the colours are as they pass the saluting point, and at sea they are dipped by hauling them down from the peak, or ensign-staff, and then promptly replacing them. They must not be suffered to remain lowered when lowered, as a flag flying half-mast high is a sign of mourning or death, or for some national loss, and it is scarcely a mark of honour to imply that the arrival of the distinguished person is a cause of grief. at all stationary Half-masting a flag to indicate deferential mourning is a curious custom, the origin of which has yet to be ascertained, but its observance dates back to perhaps the 16th century. It has been suggested that the lowering of a flag at sea as a sign of submission may have given rise to this practice, especially when the flying of the colours of the victor over those of the vanquished became an Thus in half-masting a flag in the presence of established custom.

Death, sufficient space is left for its invisible standard to occupy the The correct method of half-masting slowly from the " close-up " position; it must superior position temporarily. a flag is to lower it be returned to the latter before finally hauling it down at sunset. In time of peace it is an insult to hoist the flag of one friendly nation below another, so that each flag must be flown from its own staff, and when royal personages of two nations are on board the same ship their standards are flown side by side, hence the double or treble set of sheaves in main trucks which have come in useful Saluting by lowering the flag is of ancient for signalling purposes. date and a more convenient method than the older custom of Plate IV BRITISH NATIONAL FLAGS i Cross of St. George 2. Cross of St. Andrew, the National Flag of Scotland 3. Patrick p. First p. Second and present Union Flag 6. Red Ensign 7. White Ensign 8. Blue Ensign 9.

Ensign of the Royal Air Force p. In King John decreed that if his admiral or lieutenant should meet any ships at sea which refused to and lower command their crews should be reputed as enemies and their ships and cargo forfeited; and foreign vessels were brought into port for not so saluting. The first occasion on which the claim to the sovereignty of the four seas was admitted by foreigners appears to have been in 1 3 20 when Edward II was appealed to by the Flemish envoys to put a stop to piracy. In Edward III referred to his royal progenitors as having been lords of the sea on every side, but the claim did not become effective until after the fight of Lespagnolssur-mer, off Winchelsea, when the King had to save himself from his sinking ship by capturing one of the enemy's, the Prince of Wales had to do likewise, and little John of Gaunt, aged ten, refused to stay with his mother and bore himself like a man in aiding in a victory so decisive that it gave his father the title of King of the Sea and set him in a ship on his gold coins.

The Netherlanders of those days willingly admitted this sovereignty on the understanding that its limits were reached when the ship passed strike their sails at Craudon in the extreme west of Brittany. Under the Tudors, if any commander of an English the ship of a foreigner who vessel refused to salute the English met flag, it was enacted that such ship, if taken, was the lawful prize of the captain. A notable example of this insistence on the respect to the flag arose in May, , when a Spanish fleet of one hundred and sixty sail, escorting their King on his way to England to his marriage with Queen Mary, fell in with the English fleet under the command of Lord William Howard, Lord High Admiral.

Philip would have passed the English fleet without paying the customary honours, but the signal was at once made by Howard for his twentyeight ships to prepare for action, and a round shot crashed into the The hint was promptly side of the vessel of the Spanish admiral. taken, and the Spanish fleet struck their colours and topsails as homage to the English flag. When Anne of Austria was on her way to Spain to marry Philip in Hawkins is reported to have compelled the Spanish vessels to show the same respect at Plymouth and there are other instances of the same sort with ; FLAGS OF THE WORLD 24 The reason why lesser luminaries. foreigners submitted to the custom for so long was that England levied no duties on ships passing through the Straits but insisted only on the salute, which cost them nothing and showed their sea manners, just as a gentleman raises his hat to a lady; but it became different when the Stuarts arrived, because the claim to the sovereignty of the seas was no longer satisfied with a mere courteous acknowledgement but took a practical and pecuniary form.

This was in , when James I forbade foreigners to fish on His son Charles the British coasts without being licensed by him. I asserted his right to rule over the surrounding seas as part of his realm, and the Commonwealth abated none of this claim ; and in , on the conclusion of peace between England and Holland, the Dutch consented to acknowledge the English supremacy of the " the ships of the Dutch meeting any of the ships of seas, the article in the treaty declaring that — as well as ships of war of others war of the English, — and any time in the British seas, shall strike their flags lower their topsails in such manner as hath ever been at heretofore practised. Warships do not dip to each other, but, if a merchantman dips to them, they reply. Another aft of courtesy is the well-established custom of displaying the " Courtesy Ensign " when a ship visits another coun- The national colours of that country are hoisted at the foremast if this is not available the foremast yardarm is used as a compliment; thus it is sometimes referred to as the "Complimentary Ensign.

Also see pages 73, 89, and Occasionally foreign merchantmen use our Union Flag for this Those responsible for this unquestionably mean aft of courtesy. However, they are, presumably, unaware that the undefaced Red Ensign should be flown at the foremast in these The use of the Union Flag afloat is dealt with on circumstances. made here to a not inconsider" flying flags of convenience. They are sometimes referred to as constituting the " Panlibhonco fleet. The reader who is particularly interested in the origin history of our flags, especially maritime ensigns, to consult F.

Perrin, O. However, a word of British warning may not be out of place ; some may find this work a little difficult to read. chapter on the flags of the United States of America includes a table showing how the number of stars on the National Flag was increased, and the aftual date when each successive design was The brought into use. FLAGS OF THE WORLD 26 It may not be out of place at the end of this chapter to explain one or two of the technical expressions concerning flags which may be met with in this book. The " hois"t " is that portion of the flag which is nearer to the The " fly " is that portion farther from the mast. The mast.

circular cap at the masthead is known as the " truck. the ropes by which flags are hauled up and secured. A " canton " is, roughly speaking, a rectangle, placed in the top left-hand corner of the hoist it can be, if necessary, one quarter the area of the flag. Many people, including those who have served or who are at present serving afloat, are often puzzled by the anything but uniform use of terms and expressions met with in connection with maritime flags. One reads, for example, of ships and senior officers " carrying," " flying," " bearing," " wearing," " displaying," and " hoisting " certain flags.

It is not surprising therefore that this has, on occasion, led to heated arguments between senior officers, and others having strong views on the subject. There is little doubt that this confusion has been caused by the inconsistent use of these terms and expressions by those who, in fitted — the past, were responsible for drafting official regulations and instructions. However, it would appear that a very real attempt made in compiling the to rectify this state of affairs has been edition of Queen's Regulations and Admiralty Inttruttions. said to " wear " her colours, i. the Ensign and Jack; these are properly referred to as her " suit of colours. A person " flies " his or her standard or flag, etc. of Great Britain and the Commonwealth, one of the charges not infrequently mentioned is the Royal Crown. Soon after the accession of H. Queen Elizabeth II it was decided that the St.

Edward's Crown should be used by the Services, Government Departments, etc. In order that there should be no unnecessary expense, it was further decided that the replacement of existing crowns should be undertaken as and when suitable circumTUD0R STi EDWard's stances permit. crown crown An "Achievement of Arms," "Achievement," or " Armorial Bearings " is the complete display of the Arms or Shield of Arms, the Crest, the Supporters, Badges, the Motto, etc. A " Coat-of-Arms " or " Arms " comprises the heraldic devices displayed on a shield, banner, or flag sometimes referred to as a " banner-flag ". The heraldic description of these often puzzles those unversed " Dexter " or " right " refers to that half of the shield positioned on the right hand of the person holding it, and " sinisThe dexter half ter " or " left " is on the left hand of the bearer.

When a charge is said to be on the is the more honourable. when its obverse side is displayed, the mast appears on the specIn other words, tator's left and the flag flies towards his right. in heraldry. dexter is the hoist and sinister is the fly. CHAPTER II THE ROYAL STANDARD OF THE SOVEREIGN OF GREAT BRITAIN AND ITS HISTORY; STANDARDS OF MEMBERS OF THE ROYAL FAMILY The Royal Banner page 8 — is —in common parlance, the Royal Standard the symbol of the personal tie see that unites British throughout the world under one Sovereign.

the " Royal Standard " is meant the flag with the four subjects By no additions or charges. Of these and fourth contain the Standard of England, the second the Standard of Scotland, and the third the Standard of quarterings alone, and with quarterings, the first Ireland Plate III, The i. of the Standard of England is red, and on it are three golden lions, heraldically described as " Gules, three lions passant guardant in pale or. It is said the shield of William the Conqueror bore two lions, one for Normandy and the other for Maine, but there is no sound evidence that he ever bore them. Indeed, there is good proof to the contrary, for they do not appear on the famous Bayeux Tapestry, a piece of embroidery, about two hundred and thirty feet long and twenty inches wide, on which the story of the conquest of England by the Normans is recorded in pictorial form.

Although the exact date has yet to be ascertained, this work was probably executed towards the end of the field nth century. It is generally believed that the three lions were used by Great Seal bore " two first Richard Coeur-de-Lion, for, while his first lions combattant or," his second Great Seal showed them exactly as they appear now. The date of that Seal is , and from that day, and without change, the red ground with its three golden lions has been borne by the Sovereigns of England. Plate V PERSONAL AND SERVICE FLAGS i. Broad Pennant of a Commodore, Royal Navy 2. Flag of a Vice-Admiral, Royal 3 Broad Pennant of a Commodore in the Royal Fleet Navy p. Flag of the Chief of the Defence Staff 5. Flag, Cinque Ports p. Ensign, Ministry of Transport 7. The 8. Flag, Lords Lieutenants of Counties p. Trinity House, Ensign p. Trinity Ensign p. Commissioners of Northern Lighthouses, Ensign Commissioners of Irish Lights, Ensign p. The lion itself was borne by William the Lion about 1 1 65 And so, from the far-off days of Alexander II through all the years to the present time, this flag has been unchanged as the Standard of Scotland, sometimes referred to as the " Lion rampant flag.

It has been awarded as a special " augmentation " to reward distinguished services in the history of Scotland, e. in the arms of the family of Her Majesty the Queen Mother, the lion of Bowes-Lyon is surrounded by a tressure. While on the subject it is just as well to remark that the " Lion rampant flag " is not the national flag of Scotland, but is the personal Standard of the Sovereigns of Scotland. The national flag is the blue flag with the white saltire of St. Andrew Plate IV, 2 , and this is the flag which should be displayed by all true Scots. This has on many occasions been the subject of keen controversy. Some people maintain that when the two kingdoms were united, and the Scottish arms were incorporated into the Royal Banner as one of its quarters, the flag resulting thus became the Royal Banner of Scotland, and that therefore the Lion rampant flag ceased to be the personal flag of the Sovereigns of Scotland and may thus be flown by private individuals. This argument is weak.

The King of Arms of Scotland, the Lord Lyon, who is the sole authority for the northern kingdom in such matters, still holds a warrant from Mary Queen of Scots empowering him to punish persons who misuse the Royal Arms. This has never been rescinded. On more than one occasion he has confirmed that the Lion rampant flag may be flown only when either of the following are. present —the Lord High Sovereign, the Secretary of State for Scotland, the Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, or a Lord-Lieutenant. The Scottish Office in London FLAGS OF THE WORLD 3° which, incidentally, always flies the Lion rampant flag over its holds a different view, and has stated publicly office in Whitehall on more than one occasion that, so far as it is concerned, there is There is objection to the flying of this flag by private persons.

no no about the matter. Lyon King of Arms is legally right. The Scottish Office cannot over-rule him. To do this, it would require a writ from the Crown to him, countersigned by the Secretary of State for Scotland, or, possibly, even an Act of Parliament. As a complete quartered Standard, many changes have taken doubt at all place its marshalling Edward III laid The three lions Hoi. m FRANCE in Richard I, Edward III. did duty during the reigns of John, Henry and, for the since first The III, Edward I, Edward II, thirteen years last-named, of his reign, on claiming the ANCIENT throne of France, quartered the Standard and II, Iplaced in the first and fourth quarters the Arms I of that country a blue ground powdered with golden fleurs-de-lis. This form of coat is now known as " France Ancient. He divided it into vertical halves, and in the hoist he placed the so-called " Arms " of Edward the Confes" sor.

Henry IV — dropped the Confessor's half, and resumed the pattern in use at the time of the death of Edward III. This is known as " France Modern. When James VI of Scotland became James I of England in , another quartered Standard was designed. The Standard as it existed was placed in and fourth quarters, the Lion rampant second quarter, and the new Standard of Ireland, a golden harp with silver strings on a blue background, appeared in the third. Needless to say, the Scots took considerable umbrage at their lion and tressure being given second place. The conquest of Ireland was entered upon in 11 72, in the reign of Henry II, but was not really completed until the surrender of Limerick in Until January 23rd, , the country was styled not a Kingdom, but the Lordship of Ireland, the title of King being confirmed by Act of Parliament, 3 5 Henry VIII, cap 3 of , An early standard of Ireland had three golden crowns on a blue background, arranged over each other as are the English Lions.

A Commission appointed in the reign of Edward IV to enquire what really were the arms of Ireland, reported in favour of the The early Irish coinage bears three crowns three golden crowns. upon it, as do the coins of Henry V and his successors. Henry VII substituted the harp on the coins, but neither crowns nor harps nor any other device for Ireland appear in the Standard borne by the Sovereign until the reign of James I. In the Harleian MS. At her funeral Ireland was represented by a blue crowned harp of gold upon it and, as we have seen these three harps. having a above, James flag I adopted this, but without the crown, in , as a ;. FLAGS OF THE WORLD 32 quartering in his Standard, this being its first appearance in the Standard. Why Henry VIII substituted the harp for the three crowns is not known. Some would have us believe that the King was apprehensive that the three crowns might be taken as symboliz- A note in regard to the various ing the triple crown of the Pope.

forms of harp used from time to time will be found on page 3 3 In this form the Standard was used by the remaining Stuarts, Charles I, Charles II, and II, but after the flight of James in the Royal Standard began to look a little complicated. With the accession of William III and Mary II, an escutcheon of Nassau was added, because William was also Prince of Orange. He is reputed to have impaled the Stuart Standard of his wife who was the daughter of James II see illustration. However, so far as can be ascertained, there is no record of this complicated Standard ever having been James used. died in , the " Escutcheon " of Pretence of Nassau was omitted, and for five years Queen Anne reverted to the use of the Stuart Banner.

In the Union with Scotland made another change ineviAgain a quartered Standard was used table. the first and fourth quarters were halved vertically, and on the hoist side were placed the lions of England, impaling, on the fly side, the lion and tressure of Scotland. The rules of heraldry decree that only half the tressure, but the whole of the lion, may be depicted. The second quarter showed the three lilies of France Modern, while the third bore the harp of Ireland. In Anne died, leaving no heir, and was succeeded by her kinsman, George, Elector of Hanover, Duke of BrunswickLuneburg. The Arms of Hanover then took up the fourth quarter of the Standard. These Arms showed three divisions, William III U :Vi. Nova Scotia: Flag p. Quebec: Flag 4. Australia: National Flag p. New New 7. Samoa: National and Merchant Flag 8. Queensland: Badge 9.

India: National Flag 5. present flag Zealand: National Flag South Wales: Badge p. Pakistan: Ceylon: National Flag Wales: Red Dragon Flag National Flag p. Over all is an inescutcheon, or small shield, in red, charged with the golden crown of Charlemagne. The next change was to come in 1 , when as a result of the Treaty of Amiens, the Lilies of France were removed for ever from the Royal Standard. This left a quarter empty, so the The lions of England were placed in and fourth quarters, Scotland's banner was placed second, and Ireland remained third. In the centre, over all, was a little escutcheon of pretence bearing the Arms of Hanover. On top of the latter was placed the electoral bonnet, which in gave place to a Royal Crown. This Standard was used during the reigns of George IV and William IV. When Queen Victoria came to the Throne in the arms of Hanover were removed, thus leaving it in its present form, namely, " Quarterly, 1 and 4 England, 2 Scotland, 3 Ireland " Plate III, 1.

banner was rearranged. the first In regard frame of the appeared in years the " shown CELTIC HARP On winged lady " version, as illustration A , had been used. the accession of Queen Elizabeth II she expressed a preference for the Celtic Harp, however, in the in to the last mentioned, the harp has, from time to time, For many various forms. as depicted in illustration B ; winged lady " A pattern was brought into use once again. Comment is very often made that Wales is not represented in the Royal Standard, and many patriotic Welshmen are very resentful of the omission. The Standard of Wales is an old one, that of Llewellyn ap Griffith, Prince of North Wales, and a descendant of Owen FLAGS OF THE WORLD 34 killed in Owen Glendower a quartered coat " Quarterly or and gules four Gwynned, and when he was assumed it. It is lions passant counterchanged. The report was adverse, and the King confirmed it.

The answer must be that Wales is a Principality and not a Kingalthough at the present moment the daffodil appears in the dom, design of some of our postage stamps However, in 2 the escutcheon bearing the Arms of Saxony on the Standard of the Prince of Wales was superseded by the Arms of Wales, ensigned with his coronet see Plate III, 4. King Edward VII was extremely interested in flags and flagetiquette, and, on more than one occasion, made decisions which have remained unaltered to this day. In he expressed displeasure at the current abuses, and indiscriminate use of the Royal Standard, and commanded that in future it should be flown on land or at sea only when the Sovereign is present in person.

However, he granted special permission for it to be flown on Westminster Abbey whenever the Sovereign 1 visits Westminster School, and in the latter case, an 2 opens or prorogues Parliament in person additional one is flown on the Victoria Tower of the Houses of Parliament. Again, during parades on shore in honour of the Sovereign's birthday, the Royal Standard, if available, is flown even if the Sovereign is not present in person. The presence of the Sovereign afloat is indicated by the flying of a suite of three flags, the Royal Standard, the Admiralty Flag, and the Union Flag see page As to the origin of this custom, recent researches have brought to light some very im!

known at the present time, the combination was referred to The Queen's Sea Flags," The No. this time in 4, Nov. ROYAL STANDARDS 35 the Order in Council dated July 3rd, Therein it was laid down that the Royal Standard, the flag of the Lord High Admiral now generally referred to as the Admiralty Flag , and the Union Flag should be hoisted at the main, fore, and mizzen mastheads respectively whenever the Sovereign or his Consort were embarked. It has been suggested that these instructions were promulgated in order to distinguish between the Sovereign and other members of the Royal Family afloat.

When these instructions were revised in the use of this combination was restricted to the Sovereign, and has remained thus to the present day: at the same time it was laid three-flag down that if a vessel had fewer than three masts these flags should be flown in the most conspicuous parts of her. In regard to the flying of the Union Flag in the foregoing circumstances, there is a widespread impression, even in the Royal Navy itself, that it indicates that the Sovereign holds the rank of Admiralof-the-Fleet. The Union Flag is a Royal Flag. As a coat-of-arms, on a shield, it is one of the Royal Badges, and has been such since Stuart times then without the red saltire of St. Patrick, added at the union with. It is a Royal Flag.

When circumstances warrant it, the Sovereign may decide to change the above flag arrangements; indeed, there have been a number of occasions when the Royal Prerogative has been exer:. In the event of the Sovereign paying a short visit to one of H. ships the Royal Standard at the main masthead only is hoisted Admiralty Instructions, , Art. In i, when arrangements for Her Majesty's forthcoming visit to India were being considered, it was felt that a new personal flag of distinctive design would be more appropriate for use in the nations of the Commonwealth of which she is the head. The FLAGS OF THE WORLD 36 Royal Standard had become associated in the public mind with the United Kingdom. Accordingly, a banner, or square flag, consisting of Her Majesty's initial " E " in gold ensigned with the Royal Crown, all within a This chaplet of golden roses on a blue field, was authorized. flag was fringed or edged with gold see Plate I, i. It was not, however, intended as a Commonwealth flag, but rather as something entirely personal to the Queen, to be flown only when Her Majesty was where she was visit to in residence.

present in person, or from buildings This flag was used during the Queen's India in was subsequently felt that for those Commonwealth countries of which she is Queen it would be appropriate if the new device of the crowned " E " within the chaplet of roses were used by Her Majesty in conjunction with the Arms of the country she was visiting. Flags were accordingly designed for Sierra Leone, Canada, New Zealand, and Australia see Plate I. The details of these personal flags of the Queen are given in Chapter V under the headings of those countries. When Her Majesty visits a Commonwealth country for which a personal flag has been approved, the appropriate flag for the country is used instead of the Royal Standard. For example, in a port of such a country it is worn by the Royal Yacht when the Queen is living on board.

Each member of the Royal Family has a Standard of his or her own, which cannot be confused with that of the Monarch. The design of the Duke of Edinburgh's Standard, approved by His late Majesty King George VI in November, 1, consisted It of the Arms of the Duke impaled with those borne by Her Majesty the Queen when she was the Heiress Presumptive, and described later on in this The chapter. DUKE OF EDINBURGH Duke's Arms were quartered thus 1 pattern 1 yellow, three blue lions crowned passant and nine red hearts Denmark ; 2 blue, a white cross Greece 3 white, two vertical black stripes Mountbatten 4 : ; ; ROYAL STANDARDS 37 on a rock in natural colours, a black castle having three towers each topped with a red dome and vane, the windows and closed portcullis also red Edinburgh. The shade of blue was uniform throughout, being that used in the third quarter of the Royal Standard.

However, since Her Majesty came to the Throne the Duke has used a standard consisting of his Arms only Plate III, 2. In passing, it is interesting to mention that he new this standard at the main masthead in the Royal Yacht Britannia when he returned from Canada in August, At the same time, the Union Flag the flag of an Admiral-of-the-Fleet afloat see page white, — and the Trinity House Jack the flag of an Elder Brother afloat see page 64 were flown at the fore and mizzen mastheads 52 — respectively. Mention should perhaps be made here that since February 22nd, , the Duke's title has been H.

The Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. In the Standard of Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, the Royal Arms are placed in the hoist, while in the fly are those of Her Majesty's family, Bowes-Lyon. This is a splendid example of the use of canting or punning arms. It is a quartered coat; in the first and fourth quarters on a white field is the blue lion rampant within the double tressure flory count erflory of Lyon, while in the second and third quarters are the three bows " proper " of Bowes on an ermine field Plate III, 3. In that of the late Queen Mary, the Royal Arms were in the hoist, the other half of the Standard containing a quartered coat. first and fourth quarters of were the Arms of Her late In the this Majesty's mother, Princess Mary of Cambridge, Duchess of Teck, while in the second and third were those of her father, Francis, THE LATE QUEEN MARY Prince 'and Duke of Teck. white " label " placed along the top of the Standard differences A it for the Sovereign's children and grandchildren.

The inset FLAGS OF THE WORLD 38 diagram illustrates how it is In the case of the children, the placed. label has three points, in the case of the grandchildren U ir ¥ it has five points. A plain white label is the mark of the eldest son, the hereditary Duke of Cornwall and The When Rothesay. labels of the other children each bear difference marks. is created Prince of Wales, the eldest son of the Sovereign Standard has an additional difference in the centre thereof, namely, a small shield bearing the Arms of Wales the first and fourth quarters yellow with a red lion thereon, and the second and This shield third red with a yellow lion thereon see page is ensigned with the Prince's coronet, which has one arch, not two his — see Plate III, 4. Prince Charles was created Prince of Wales on July 26th, ; at the same time he assumed the title of Earl of Chester and became a Knight of the Garter.

The previous bearer of this Standard was Edward VIII prior to his accession to the Throne in After his abdication he assumed the title of Duke of Windsor and was granted the Royal Arms differenced by a label with three points, the centre one being charged with the Royal Crown. So far as can be ascertained, the use of the Royal Crown as a charge on the label of a Royal Duke is an innovation in English heraldry. Her Majesty will, no doubt, grant the to if to fly Duke permission a flag displaying these Arms, and when he expresses the wish do so. The centre point of the label of Princess Elizabeth bore the Tudor Rose, the two outside ones each charged with the red of St. Her Royal ness, of course, ceased to Queen Elizabeth II. being Cross PRINCESS ELIZABETH Highbear these Arms when she became Plate VII D. Ghana: 2. Nigeria: National Flag 3. Kenya: National Flag 4. Sierra Leone: 5. Rhodesia: National Flag p.

Uganda: National p. Malawi: National Flag 8. Zambia: National Flag 9. United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar Tanzania National Flag 2nd. version : p. ROYAL STANDARDS 39 On the other hand, the centre point of the label of Princess Margaret bears the Thistle, and the other two the The Duke of a red lion and a St. Tudor Rose. Gloucester has en the centre point George's Cross on each of the others i , while each of the points of the Princess Royal's label bears the red Cross of The St. George label of the has five points Duke the ; PRINCESS MARGARET 2.

first, of Kent third, grandson of King George V and fifth each bear the blue anchor a TDf TGf 7~1S from his father's George 3. m ffl Tfif Kf label, tit and the second and fourth the cross of St. members of the Royal of " Royal Highness," is the Royal Standard, surrounded by a narrow white border, charged with four ermine spots on the top and bottom, and with another ermine It spot in the centre of each side. is currently used by their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Gloucester and the Duchess of The distinguishing Standard for other Family, who bear the title Kent. A made reference has already been to the flag arrangements ob- taining in the Royal Yacht Britannia when H.

the Duke of Edinburgh is embarked see page If any member of the Royal Family, other than Her Majesty or : FLAGS OF THE WORLD 4o Duke of Edinburgh, uses the Royal Yacht, the appropriate Personal Standard is flown at the main masthead. The fore masthead and the mizzen masthead will, in these circumstances, carry the flag of the Flag Officer Commanding Royal Yachts and the White Ensign respectively. However, it may be noted that H. the Duke of Gloucester may, as the Master of Trinity House, decide to fly the Master's Flag in addition to his Personal StandIn which case he would fly the first mentioned at the mizzen ard. instead of the White Ensign, in accordance with Queen's Reguthe and Admiralty Instructions Article see also page Mention should perhaps be made here of the two little-known historical flags, namely, those of the Duchy of Lancaster and the lations Duchy of Cornwall.

The first mentioned and interesting of Henry is history. not only very distinctive, but it has a long It comprises the Arms of the second son Edmund, who became Earl of Lancaster on June 30th, 1 He differenced his father's shield, the Arms of England three golden lions " passant guardant," on a red field by adding III, — — a label " of France," with three golden i. a blue label with three points, each charged fleurs-de-lis. Henry of Grosmont was created 1st Duke of Lancaster, and the county of Lancashire became a County Palatine, on March 6th, He already bore the arms described above. In accordance with the Great Charter of October 14th, Henry IV , the Duchy was merged with the Crown, and has remained thus to the present day although the title is not included in the royal style, the Sovereign is Duke of Lancaster. In it was decided to use these arms in banner-flag form, and fly them over the Duchy Office on the following occasions a Whenever the Sovereign visits the Duchy Office, and during Council Meetings, b Anniversaries Grant to Edmund, Earl of Lancaster, October 25 th, ; Grant to Henry, Duke of Lancaster.

March 6th, 1; and Great Charter Day, October 14th, c On those days appointed for the flying of flags on public buildings, d A small edition of this flag is flown on the car of the Chancellor of the Duchy. This banner has a fringe comprising the Lancastrian Livery colours white — and blue. The proportions of the length to three hoist : field are two these approxi- mate those used for banners during the earlier companying days of chivalry see acillustration and also page 8. Those who are interested Duchy history of the to read the excellent in the DUCHY OF LANCASTER! recommended and erudite work are BANNER-FLAG The HiHory of the Duchy of LancaBer by R.

Somerville, C. Although the Earldom of Cornwall was originally created circa , it was not until March 17th, , that Edward the Black Prince became the first Duke of Cornwall. So far as can be ascertained, the earliest reference to a distinctive flag is to be found in a Tudor Record, circa Therein it is recorded that Edward, son of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour, Duke of Cornwall from until he became Edward VI ten years later, used a black A flag bearing fifteen bezants, similar flag was i. carried at the funeral of fifteen Queen golden discs. Elizabeth I in The field and its charges appear to have their origin in the border which surrounded the silver shield bearing a red lion rampant, of the second son of King John, Richard Plant agenet , who became the eighth Earl of Cornwall in An illustration of this shield may be seen on the south wall of Westminster Abbey.

use of the Duchy flag was revived in This flag Duchy Offices is illustra- flown over on March all 17th, the anniversary of the original Duchy whenever a member of the Royal Family visits one of these Charter, and oflices. DUCHY OF CORNWALL Duchy Again, Oflices it is flown over all on those days ap- pointed for the flying of flags over at St. Mary's, Isles of Scilly, flies a black pennant, three feet long and two feet at the hoist, charged with the fifteen bezants. public buildings. The Duchy launch CHAPTER III BRITISH NATIONAL FLAGS The of the British Commonwealth of Nations is the Union; it national flags of England and Scotland, and the " so-called Cross of St.

Patrick " of Ireland Plate IV, 5. Strictly speaking the Union Flag, or, as it is often called colloquially, the Union Jack, is a Royal Flag see Chapter II, page 35 , the flag of the Sovereign and the representative of the Sovereign; in this connection it should be noted that all but Royal Ships are forbidden to fly the Union Flag. In the course of time, however, it has become and is now recognized as the National Flag of Great Britain see page 5 2. Formerly it was also the National Flag of all the members of the British Commonwealth, but this is no longer so, as many of the newly independent nations of the Commonwealth have adopted their own National Flags; these are is flag composed of the described in Chapter V. THE FLAG OF GEORGE ST.

George, a red cross on a Flag of Engwhite field Plate IV, 1 , was adopted Old records do not give much land has yet to be ascertained. there were a number of legends of St. George information during the Middle Ages, but the accounts of his life and death vary It has been said that he became especially popular considerably. among the Crusaders because of the miraculous intervention The actual date when the flag of St. as the National ; him in bringing them victory on several occasions during the reigns of Richard I and Edward I. There is no doubt that the Cross of St. George was in use in England as a national accredited to emblem in have had a decided influence in bringing us victory at the battle of Crecy, , and to record this for all time Edward III founded the Chapel of St. George at St. George Windsor is also reputed to in George's Cross placed in the centre of the star which forms part of the insignia of the Order. Until that date St.

George seems to have shared with St. Edmund and St. Edward the Confessor the position of the patron saint of England. Records show that his cross was worn as a distinctive mark on both front and back of a surcoat, over the armour, by all soldiers of Richard II when they went north in to repel the threatened invasion by the Scots, who had previously been instructed to display the white diagonal cross of St. Andrew Plate IV, 2 on their surcoats. After the battle of Agincourt, 5, Archbishop Chicheley referred to St. George as being "as it were the patron and special His Arms thus became common to protector " of England. Church and State alike, and remained so until the Legislative Union of , when the first version of the Union Flag Plate IV, 4 was adopted for use on land as well as at sea.

The flag of St. George was the flag of battle, and we see it represented in the old prints and drawings that deal with military " St. George's banner broad operations both on land and sea. To-day, it is the proper flag of a British Admiral, in accordance with an Order in Council dated July 9th, The white ensign of the Royal Navy is the old flag bearing, in addition, the Union; while the Union itself bears conspicuously the red cross of the warrior saint. It occupied the post of honour in most of our minor flags. Among the London Trained Bands of , the different regiments were known by the colour of their flags, in each case the Cross of St. George being in the canton. Thus, there was the Green Regiment, the Yellow Regiment, the Blue Regiment, and so on.

When there are two or more flagstaffs on a Government building in the United Kingdom, the flag of St. George may be flown in addition to the Union Flag on St. George's Day, April 23 rd. This procedure was approved by Her Majesty the Queen in August, A pronouncement by the Earl Marshal, on February nth, , BRITISH settled a long controversy was to George. as to A common over a church. tice NATIONAL FLAGS what is 45 the proper flag to be flown prac- hoiSt the flag of St. Mti now been laid down, as far as any church within the Provinces of Canterbury and York of St. is has It concerned, that the Cross George may be flown in the first quarter, the with, Arms of the See in which the particular church is ecclesiastically situated. found CHURCH FLAG Descriptions of the last mentioned will be in Crockford's Clerical Directory O. THE FLAG OF ST. ANDREW Since the 8th century, St. Andrew has been the patron saint of Scotland. The reason for his adoption by Scotland as her patron saint has never been satisfactorily settled.

On the martyrdom of St. Andrew, in the year 69 at Patras, his remains were carefully preserved as relics, but in the year , Regulus, one of the Greek monks who had them in their keeping, was warned in a vision that the Emperor Constantine was pro- posing to translate them to Constantinople, and that he must at once visit the shrine and remove thence an arm-bone, three fingers of the right hand, and a tooth, and carry them away over sea to the west. Regulus was much troubled at the vision, but hastened to obey it, so, putting the relics into a chest, he set sail with some halfdozen companions, to whom he confided the instructions he had received.

After a stormy voyage the vessel was dashed upon a rock, and Regulus and his companions landed on an unknown Here they were shore, and found themselves in a gloomy forest. presently discovered by the natives, whose leader listened to their story and gave them land on which to build a church for the glory of God and the enshrining of the relics. This inhospitable shore proved to be that of Caledonia, and the little forest church and hamlet' that sprang up around it were the nucleus of St. Andrews, a thriving busy town in Fife, for centuries the seat of a bishopric and the headquarters of the game of golf. Andrew is a saltire; that is, it is shaped like the being made of two pieces of timber driven into the letter X, ground to which the saint was tied instead of being nailed.

Tradition has it that the saint, deeming it far too great an honour to be crucified as was his Lord, gained from his persecutors the concession of this variation, from which unpleasant position he continued for two days to preach and instruct " the surrounding populace in that faith which enabled him to sustain his sufferings without a murmur. Andrew, and vowed to adopt his The Cross of it cross as the national device. On Greek may have been adopted from the CH "—the first two letters of Our the other hand, the saltire letter " X " in English " Load's name. The National Flag of Scotland comprises the white St. Andrew on a blue field Plate IV, 2. saltire of ENGLAND AND SCOTLAND On the joining of the sovereignty of two kingdoms into one under the it became necessary to design a new union, and blend together the emblems the flag of the united kingdoms of King James, should typify this of the two patron saints England and Scotland, henceforth to be known as Great Britain.

This was indeed no easy task ; heraldry knows no way of making two places on a flag of equal value. The position next the staff is more honourable than the corresponding position in the fly in the same way the upper part of the flag is more honourable than the lower. flag that — ; However, the heralds and the work, and by a Royal Ordinance dated April 12th, , endeavoured to deal with the matter as follows authorities set to : " Whereas some difference hath arisen between our subjects of South and North Britain, travelling by seas, about the bearing of their flags, for the avoiding of all such contentions hereafter we have, with the advice of our Council, ordered that from henceforth all our subjects of this isle and kingdom of Greater Britain, — BRITISH NATIONAL FLAGS 47 and the members thereof, shall bear in their main-top the Red commonly called St.

George's Cross, and the White Cross, commonly called St. Right click on a white space and choose print. You can click on the printer icon just below and to the right of the contact us menu button at the top of the page or copy and paste the part of the exercise you want onto a word document and then print onto some paper. Click on the following link for the Online English dictionary - English lesson. If you are struggling with a lesson or an exercise post a question we will try and help you or post your answers and let others compare. com is owned by Alpolink UK Limited.

Easy Pace Learning. Home » All Lessons » Learning English level 2 » Flags of the world in PDF to download for free. This English lesson is following on from the previous 2 lessons English books to download free Idioms from A to Z in PDF Learning basic grammar book 1 Learning basic grammar with exercises book 2.

Home Add Document Sign In Register. Flags of the World Home Flags of the World. Download PDF. FLAGS OF THE WORLD Plate I Frontispiece PERSONAL FLAGS OF HER MAJESTY QUEEN ELIZABETH II. Personal Flag for general use 2. Personal Flag for use in Canada 3 Personal Flag for use in Australia 4. Personal Flag for use in 5. Personal Flag for use in Sierra Leone New p. LONDON, ENGLAND FIRST PUBLISHED © REVISED EDITION FREDERICK 1 95 3 WARNE AND REPRINTED 9 1 Z2. wwu -iBRARY 1 PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN CO. LTD PREFACE On becoming the editor of this work in place of the late Mr. Gresham Carr, F. Without this my task would have been incom- parably more difficult and onerous. the tradition started by Mr. of flags and not endeavour to continue Gresham Carr and make this a history I shall just a catalogue. Countries and States continue to be formed at an increasing pace and also in some cases to disintegrate. As each new country comes into being new flags are created, and with the changes in status and the disappearance of other States, well-known flags of many years' standing become obsolescent.

In preparing this edition every opportunity has been taken of making the information as fully up to date as possible. I have been helped in my task by people in government offices, by diplomatic and consular representatives, and by many friends. It is impossible to list them all, but I must thank particularly Admiral of the Fleet the Earl Mountbatten of Burma for lending his booklet The Sovereign and the Navy Mr. Cardo, Head of the Department of Naval Law at the Ministry of Defence, whose assistance has been invaluable in bringing up to date the story of the historic Admiralty Flag; Sir Charles Dixon of the Commonwealth Relations Office; Mr.

Morgan, President of the North American Yacht Racing Union, for his help on the yacht flags of the U. Gerhard P. Grahl of the Flag Research Center, New York, U. Whitney Smith, Director of the Flag Research Center of Winchester, Massachusetts, U. Klaes Sierksma, President of the Stichting voor Banistick en Heraldiek of Muiderberg, The Netherlands; Mr. Carr and the staff of the Maritime Museum at Greenwich; and to the United States ; Navy for the details of their new Ceremonial Flag. The drawings vi PREFACE of ancient Chinese bannermen in Chapter by courtesy of the British Museum, from La Chine Septentrionale, by Edouard Chavannes. Finally, my grateful thanks to Mr. Stuart for his help and the work that he has done in connection with the illustrations. I are taken, CONTENTS PAGE PREFACE v CHAPTER I. FLAGS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA XIV. FLAGS OF LATIN AMERICA vii J viii CONTENTS CHAPTER XV. Personal Flags of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II Frontispiece facing page II.

Banners and Standards 4 III. Royal Standards IV. British National Flags 22 Personal and Service Flags 29 V. Flags of the British Commonwealth of Nations 1 32 VII. Flags of the British Commonwealth of Nations 2 39 VIII. Flags of the British Commonwealth of Nations 3 54 IX. Colours of the Royal Navy, Force Army and Colours of the Royal Marines, Force Army and House Flags of Shipping 5 Lines, Shipbuilding Royal Air Companies 71 86 Yacht Flags Famous 9 66 and Air Lines XII. Royal Air XIII. Nelson's Signal 91 XIV. Flags of the United States of America 1 98 XV. Flags of the United States of America 2 Flags of the United States of America 3 XVII. Flags of the United States of America 4 XVIII. Flags of the United States of America 5 XVI. ix LIST OF PLATES x plate faring page XIX. Flags of the United States of America 6 XX. Flags of the United States of America 7 XXI. Flags of the United States of America 8 Flags of Latin America 1 XXIII. Flags of Latin America 2 XXIV.

Flags of Latin America 3 XXII. Flags of African Countries 1 Flags of the French Community in Africa Flags of African Countries 2 Flags of African and Middle Eastern Countries Flags of Middle Eastern Countries XXX. Flags of Asian Countries 1 XXXI. Flags of Asian Countries 2 XXXII. Flags of European Countries 1 XXXIII. Flags of European Countries 2 XXXIV. Flags of European Countries 3 XXXV. Flags of European Countries 4 Flags of International Organizations and of the International Code of Signals XXVIII. When man became what we know as man the need of a token distinguishing family from family occurred to him, leading him on to totemism, which in some of its aspects is practically heraldic.

A special sign by which he could be known from others must have been adopted early and from this, as a generalization of the totem, came the tribal symbols which in time developed into those distinctive of nations and took the form of the insignia from which we eventually derive our flags. The earlier national symbols were ordinary images or badges wrought in metal, stone, or wood, and carried at the top of a pole or spear. Thus the host of Egypt marched to war beneath the sacred emblems of their gods or the fan of feathers of the Pharaohs, while the Assyrian insignia were circular discs bearing devices such as a running bull or two bulls tail to tail, both these and the Egyptian having occasionally in addition a small streamer attached The Greeks in like to the staff immediately below the device.

manner used symbols of their deities such as the owl of Athens, or hold dear ; legendary animals like the pegasus of Corinth, the minotaur of Crete, the bull of Boeotia, and, strangest of all, the tortoise of the Peloponnesus, though Homer makes Agamemnon use a purple veil as a rallying signal. at the battle of Salamis according to an article in the United States Naval Institute Journal— the Greek commander Thermistocles ordered an improvised flag, a red cloak on an oar, to be hoisted. At this signal the Greek ships, although outnumbered four to one, bore down upon and routed the Persian It is interesting that in fleet under the command of Xerxes. Bowles's Naval Flags, published in , a plain red flag is shown and is entitled " the Flag of Defiance " see also page Pliny FLAGS OF THE WORLD 2 tells us that Marius in his second consulship ordered that the should have the eagle only as their standard. Not many years passed before the eagle alone began to be advanced and the rest left behind in the camp.

The Roman vexillum was a square piece of material usually purple or red, but sometimes white or blue , either plain or charged with devices, and frequently It was hung by the upper edge, or its two top richly fringed. corners, from a crossbar at the head of a lance or staff, and was the principal form of flag used in the classical period. The insignia which distinguished the allied forces from the Roman legions were also more or less flags, as may be seen on the sculptured columns of Trajan and Antonine, the arch of Titus, and many coins and medals of ancient Rome. Later on the Romans adopted for their auxiliaries the dragon of Parthia, which in time became the standard or personal flag of the Emperors of the West and the origin of the golden dragon of Wessex and the red dragon of Wales.

The Jutes carried the rampant white horse, at first as an image, which became the flag of the Men of Kent the Danes carried the raven, also at first as an image and then as a flag which when captured in was small, triangular in shape, fringed, bearing a black raven on a blood-red field. The Gauls fought under a carved lion, bull, ; or bear until they adopted the Roman eagle. The Imperial Standard or Labarum of Constantine and his successors resembled the vexillum. It was of purple silk richly embroidered with gold, and, though generally hung from a horizontal crossbar like that we now know was in later days occasionally displayed by attaching one of the sides to a staff a style adopted from the Saracens.

The Raven flag of the Danish vikings, circa a. When new Colours are presented to a Regiment, it is the modern praftice to " troop " the old pair. The latter are then laid up in some church or public building, where they gradually moulder and fall away until all that remain are the Colour pikes, and then they must go. It would appear that what are now known as flags—a distinguishing design on fabric supported from a pole or staff—were an invention of the Chinese. There are records that the founder of EARLY CHINESE FLAGS Chou Dynasty in China i 1 22 B. had a white flag carried before him, and low relief sculpture on the tomb of one Wou Leang T'Seu of the Han Dynasty {circa B.

shows cavalrymen with pennons on their lances and one distinct portrayal of a horseman with a banner over his shoulder. From China the use of flags appears to have travelled to India and the Middle East. There is no record of the design of Indian flags before the 14th century, but a lance with a pennon is shown in Assyrian sculpture of b. Black is supposed to have been the colour of the banner of Mohammed a. of the Vikings, mentioned above, also the description given by the Venerable Bede of a banner being borne before King Ethelbert a. Bede also mentions banners being borne before Edwin, King of Northumbria a. It must be remembered that Bede was writing of these events nearly a hundred years after they had taken place, so perhaps it is right to regard his statements with some reserve; but they do show that flags or banners were well known Banners of this to Bede, who lived between a.

type were formerly part of the usual ornaments of the altar and are still largely used to add to the pomp of religious processions. Heraldic and political devices upon flags are of later date, and even when these came freely into vogue they did not supplant eccleThe banners of the original orders of Knightsiastical symbols. hood belong to the religious group. That of the Knights Hospitallers was a silver eight-pointed cross on a black field see page At first the Templars carried before them a banner black over white horizontal which they called Beauseant " because they were fair and favourable to the friends of Christ but black and terrible to His enemies " ; later they adopted a red eight-pointed cross on a white background see page The Teutonic Knights bore the black cross formy on a white field which survives in the Iron Cross.

About the middle of the 14th century, an anonymous Spanish Franciscan Friar wrote a work on geography and travel entitled " The Book of Knowledge of all the Kingdoms, Lords and Lordships that are in the World. The national banner of England for centuries the red cross of her patron, St.

Download all country flags of the world for free,Flags of the world in PDF

Download vector files of all national flags for free. Vector files are designed so as to be enlarged in any format without loss of quality. All world flags vector files can also be reduced with a List of countries and their flags from around the world to download for free in PDF M Mercy Aiken followers More information Some of the flags from around the world please 14/07/ · Flags around the world with full colours in PDF download for free 1. AFGHANISTAN 2. ALBANIA 3. ALGERIA 4. ANDORRA 5. ANGOLA 6. ANTIGUA & Downloads: Flags of the world in PDF to download for free: MB: Jul 26, Download. English books to download free. Idioms from A to Z in PDF ; Learning basic LINK DOWNLOAD: blogger.com DESCRIPTION: All countries, capitals and flags of the world Download All countri Download images of all national flags for free. Get your world flags in a JPG or PNG file. Click on a country flag and save the files for free ... read more

Stephen had, however, another badge, the centaur, now one of the company colours of the Coldstream Guards. This was indeed no easy task ; heraldry knows no way of making two places on a flag of equal value. Andrew Plate IV, 2 on their surcoats. A banner as generally understood now is the sort of thing used by trade unions, friendly societies, and Sunday schools a broad sheet of fabric hung from a crossbar between two poles, each carried in a sling by a man and stayed by two or three ropes hung on to by other men in windy weather and no harder work is known than that of a banner-bearer in a procession along the Thames Embankment, his burden nearly carrying him off his legs The smaller banners are carried by one in anything of a breeze. by three, of the banner-flag had already made an appearance by In due course the , when the first Union Flag was adopted.

the ropes by which flags are hauled up and secured. In the Standard of Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, the Royal Arms are placed in the hoist, while in the fly are download all world flags pdf of Her Majesty's family, Bowes-Lyon. Towards the end of the 18th century the Union Flag was ships to flown at the fore in naval vessels as a signal to indicate that a was required, and merchantmen soon began to adopt the same practice. To download the flags of the word click on this link. Comment is very often made that Wales is not represented in the Royal Standard, and many patriotic Welshmen are very resentful of the omission. A plain white label is the mark of the eldest son, download all world flags pdf, the hereditary Duke of Cornwall and The When Rothesay.